Bahasa Korea Bisnis: 비즈니스 한국어
Budaya bisnis Korea sangat menjunjung hierarki, formalitas, dan rasa hormat. Whether you are joining a Korean company, working with Korean partners, or attending a business meeting in Korea, mastering professional Korean (비즈니스 한국어) will set you apart. The formal speech level (격식체) is essential — never use casual speech (반말) in a business setting.
1 Formal Speech in Business (격식체)
Perusahaan Korea menggunakan formal polite speech (격식체/합쇼체) — the most respectful register. This is more formal than everyday 존댓말 (해요체). Mastering these endings is non-negotiable in professional settings.
| Arti | Polite (everyday 해요체) | Formal (business 합쇼체) |
|---|---|---|
| Ya | 네 | 예 |
| saya (subjek) | 저 | 저 (same, always humble) |
| saya makan | 먹어요 | 먹습니다 |
| saya pergi | 가요 | 갑니다 |
| Saya tidak tahu | 몰라요 | 모릅니다 |
| Saya mengerti | 알아요 | 알겠습니다 |
| Hal itu sulit | 어려워요 | 어렵습니다 |
2 Business Greetings (비즈니스 인사)
First impressions in Korean business settings are critical. A deep bow (고개를 숙이다) accompanies formal greetings. Learn these phrases to make a strong professional impression.
| Korea | Romanisasi | Inggris | Kapan digunakan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 처음 뵙겠습니다 | Cheoeum boepgesseumnida | Senang berkenalan dengan Anda. (pertemuan pertama) | Pertemuan profesional pertama dengan seseorang |
| 잘 부탁드립니다 | Jal butakdeurimnida | Mohon bimbingannya / Saya menantikan kerja sama kita | Setelah perkenalan; saat memulai proyek baru |
| 안녕하십니까 | Annyeong hasimnikka | Selamat siang (sapaan formal) | Rapat formal; presentasi |
| 수고하셨습니다 | Sugohasyeosseumnida | Anda sudah bekerja keras / Kerja bagus | Akhir rapat; setelah menuntaskan sebuah tugas |
| 감사드립니다 | Gamsadeurimnida | Terima kasih (formal, merendah) | More respectful than 감사합니다 |
| 죄송합니다 | Joesonghamnida | Saya mohon maaf sebesar-besarnya | Business apology; more formal than 미안해요 |
3 Business Card Exchange (명함 교환)
Exchanging business cards (명함) is a formal ritual in Korean business culture. Cards are presented and received with kedua tangan, sambil sedikit membungkuk. Jangan pernah menulis di atas kartu nama atau menyimpannya di saku belakang — hal itu dianggap tidak menghormati.
| Korea | Romanisasi | Inggris |
|---|---|---|
| 명함 | Myeongham | Kartu nama |
| 직함 | Jikham | Nama jabatan |
| 회사 | Hoesa | Perusahaan |
| 부서 | Buseo | Departemen |
| 연락처 | Yeollakcheo | Informasi kontak |
4 Korean Business Hierarchy & Job Titles (직급)
Korean companies follow a strict hierarchy. Understanding titles (직급) is essential for addressing colleagues correctly — always use their title, not their first name.
| Korea | Romanisasi | Jabatan | Tingkat |
|---|---|---|---|
| 회장 | Hoejang | Ketua Dewan Komisaris | Tertinggi |
| 사장 | Sajang | CEO / Presiden Direktur | Eksekutif |
| 부장 | Bujang | Manajer Umum / Direktur | Manajemen senior |
| 과장 | Gwajang | Kepala Seksi / Manajer | Manajemen menengah |
| 대리 | Daeri | Asisten Manajer | Manajemen tingkat bawah |
| 사원 | Sawon | Staf / Karyawan | Tingkat pemula |
| 인턴 | Inteon | Pemagang | Peserta pelatihan |
5 Meeting Vocabulary (회의 어휘)
Korean business meetings (회의) are highly structured. Being able to participate actively — from requesting the floor to agreeing or disagreeing formally — is key to professional success.
| Korea | Inggris |
|---|---|
| 회의를 시작하겠습니다. | Mari kita mulai rapatnya. |
| 의견이 있으신 분 계십니까? | Apakah ada yang ingin berpendapat atau bertanya? |
| 제 의견을 말씀드려도 될까요? | Bolehkah saya menyampaikan pendapat? |
| 동의합니다. | Saya setuju. |
| 재고해 볼 필요가 있을 것 같습니다. | Saya rasa kita perlu mempertimbangkannya kembali. (ketidaksetujuan yang sopan) |
| 확인해 보고 답변 드리겠습니다. | Akan saya periksa dan saya kabari kembali. |
| 이상으로 회의를 마치겠습니다. | Dengan demikian rapat kita akhiri. |
| 다음 회의는 언제로 할까요? | Kapan sebaiknya rapat berikutnya diadakan? |
| Korea | Romanisasi | Inggris |
|---|---|---|
| 회의 | Hoeui | Rapat |
| 안건 | Angeon | Butir agenda |
| 보고서 | Bogoseo | Laporan |
| 발표 | Balpyo | Presentasi |
| 프레젠테이션 | Peurejentesyeon | Presentasi (Konglish) |
| 결정 | Gyeoljeong | Keputusan |
| 마감 | Magam | Tenggat waktu |
| 예산 | Yesan | Anggaran |
| 목표 | Mokpyo | Sasaran / Target |
6 Office Phrases (사무실 표현)
Komunikasi sehari-hari di kantor Korea menuntut ungkapan sopan yang sangat spesifik. Frasa-frasa berikut membantu Anda bergaul di tempat kerja secara wajar dan profesional.
7 Email & Written Communication (이메일)
Korean business emails follow strict conventions. Always open with a respectful greeting, state your purpose clearly, and close with a polite sign-off. Written Korean uses more Sino-Korean (한자어) vocabulary than spoken Korean.
| Bagian | Korea | Inggris |
|---|---|---|
| Pembuka | 안녕하십니까, [이름] 님. | Yth. [Nama], |
| Perkenalan diri | 저는 [회사]의 [이름]입니다. | Saya [Nama] dari [Perusahaan]. |
| Tujuan | 다름이 아니라 ~에 관하여 연락드립니다. | Saya menulis surat ini sehubungan dengan ~. |
| Permintaan | 검토해 주시면 감사하겠습니다. | Saya akan sangat berterima kasih bila Anda berkenan meninjaunya. |
| Penutup | 앞으로도 잘 부탁드립니다. | Saya menantikan dukungan Anda selanjutnya. |
| Salam penutup | 감사드립니다. [이름] 드림 | Terima kasih. Hormat saya, [Nama] |
8 Business Culture & Key Terms (비즈니스 문화)
| Istilah | Arti | Konteks |
|---|---|---|
| 눈치 | Kepekaan sosial / Membaca suasana | Kemampuan menangkap harapan yang tidak terucap tanpa perlu diberi tahu secara gamblang |
| 빨리빨리 | Cepat, cepat! / Etos kerja orang Korea | Budaya serba cepat yang termasyhur di Korea — segala sesuatu harus dikerjakan dengan cepat dan efisien |
| 회식 | Jamuan makan kantor / Makan malam kerja | A team dinner where bonding and seniority dynamics are displayed; often involves 소주 |
| 야근 | Lembur / Kerja sampai larut malam | Lazim dalam budaya kerja Korea; pulang mendahului atasan dapat dianggap tidak sopan |
| 상사 | Atasan / Bos | Always use honorific speech with 상사 |
| 후배 / 선배 | Junior / Senior (di tempat kerja atau sekolah) | 선배 is treated with special respect; 후배 follows and assists |
| 갑을관계 | Hubungan dengan ketimpangan kuasa (klien-pemasok / atasan-bawahan) | 갑 (Gap) = the party with power; 을 (Eul) = the party in a weaker position |